Third Way Third Wave

The ideological vacuum in End of History-era ska

In 1989, as the Cold War waned, Francis Fukuyama (rather optimistically) pronounced the end of History. This was not the end of newsworthy events, but rather the end of serious ideological competition that Hegel had announced when Napoleon rode through Jena in 1806 — the uncontested triumph of liberal democracy. The Marxism-Leninism of the Soviet Union,…